This lab includes the complete titration procedure used to investigate how well a buffer resists changes in pH. Prepare a buffer solution by accurately calculating and measuring the required amounts ...

In-line buffer management markedly reduced the production bottlenecks and manufacturing costs inherent in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Additional cost reductions are possible, however, by ...

Identify the independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variables in a scientific investigation. Draw conclusions about the relationship between two variables using quantitative data.

Managing buffers in bioprocessing remains a largely manual process, requiring space and resources and often creating bottlenecks that increase costs and decrease efficiency. Researchers from many of ...