At a time when psychology was trying to establish itself as a rigorous science, researchers were increasingly drawn to experiments that could demonstrate clear, observable laws of behaviour. One of ...

In the famous Little Albert experiment, a nearly 9-month-old baby is shown a white rat. The rat crawls up to the baby, on him, and around him. The baby seems interested in the rat and unafraid. Later, ...

Before any conditioning began, the researchers conducted baseline tests, Watson and Rayner exposed Albert to a series of objects and animals to observe his natural reactions. These included a white ...