Spatially masked optical Kerr effect (SM-OKE) spectroscopy is a nonresonant femtosecond pump–probe technique capable of measuring isotropic contributions to the transient birefringence of molecular ...

Isotropic nanoparticles are nanoscale particles that exhibit uniform physical properties in all directions. Unlike anisotropic nanoparticles, which have direction-dependent properties, isotropic ...

Understanding how light travels through various materials is essential for many fields, from medical imaging to manufacturing. However, due to their structure, materials often show directional ...

Anisotropic nanoparticles are nanoparticles that possess different properties along different axes. Unlike their isotropic counterparts, which have uniform properties in all directions, anisotropic ...